Ortho, Meta and Para refer to the 1-2, 1-3, and 1-4 relationships between benzene substituents. In Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution reactions, O/M/P directing effects help us figure out where to place the incoming electrophile. Electron Donating Groups activate the ring for ortho and para addition. Electron Withdrawing Groups deactivate the ring for meta addition. Halogens are the one exception.
2021 MCAT Test Dates
Taking the MCAT in 2021? After an insane MCAT cycle (thanks Covid-19) I bet you’re looking forward to a nice calm routine of MCAT prep with a predictable MCAT testing cycle. Well, the dates are finally out although registration doesn’t open until late October. Keep in mind, with the pandemic still going strong, everything is […]
Functional Groups Guide – Organic Chemistry
Complete Guide to Recognizing, Drawing, and Naming Functional Groups in Organic Chemistry A functional group is a specific group of atoms that helps determine the chemistry and reactivity of the overall molecule. When classifying functional groups, we look at both the specific atoms present, as well as the manner in which they are connected to […]
Advice and Feedback From Students Who Took The Shorter MCAT
The MCAT is now just 5 hours and 45 minutes. Is this better or worse than the 7+ hour exam?I’ve heard arguments for both, but choose not to weigh in, because regardless of how I feel, I cannot change it. Instead, I look at it this way: This is how it is,and if there’s nothing you […]
How to Stay Alert for 6:30am 12:15pm and 6pm MCAT
You CANNOT afford to lose MCAT questions due to being too tired to focus. In this video I’ll show you how to adjust your schedule to remain awake and alert for the entire duration of your 6:30am, 12:15pm and 6pm MCAT.
Why Aiming for a Lower MCAT Score Will Increase Your Med School Chances
Medical School acceptance is very competitive, can aiming for a LOWER MCAT score INCREASE your chances of acceptance? I will argue YES, let me explain why.
Shorter MCAT, Multiple Start Times and New Test Dates: AAMC Pandemic Update
The AAMC announced MCAT changes for the 2020 Pandemic cycle including shorter exams, 3 exam start times and 3 new MCAT test dates.
Keto Enol Tautomerization Reaction and Mechanism
Keto Enol Tautomerization or KET, is an organic chemistry reaction in which ketone and enol molecules can isomerize or interconvert, typically in an acid or base catalyzed reaction.
Lewis Structure for Radicals
This video shows you a quick, time-saving checklist for radicals in Lewis structures! It ensures you don’t miss anything when deciding WHICH atom most likely has the radical. You’ll also see it in action as it is applied to several examples. (Watch on YouTube: Lewis Structures Radicals. Click cc on bottom right for video transcription.) Links & Resources Mentioned […]