Keto Enol Tautomerization or KET, is an organic chemistry reaction in which ketone and enol molecules can isomerize or interconvert, typically in an acid or base catalyzed reaction.
Organic Chemistry Tutorial Videos
Alkene Epoxidation Tutorial Video
Alkene epoxidation is an exciting reaction in which a double bond reacts with a peroxy acid to form an epoxide. This is considered a syn addition since the oxygen is bound to 2 carbon atoms. Most organic chemistry students are not required to know the mechanism for epoxidation, however I find that knowing the mechanism will […]
Grignard Reaction Mechanism Reagent and Cheat Sheet
The Grignard reaction (pronounced Grin-yard) involves an R-Mg-X, a carbon chain bound to a magnesium halide, typically used to form alcohols by attacking carbonyls such as in aldehydes or ketones. The Grignard reaction is my go-to for chain elongation in orgo 2 synthesis.Alkynes are my go-to for orgo 1 chain elongation. In English, please? Let’s back up […]
Claisen Condensation Reaction and Mechanism
Claisen condensation is a fun reaction used to form a beta keto ester when reacting esters in a strong base. This video shows you the step by step reaction mechanism including why the reaction is reversible only till the final step. (Watch on YouTube: Claisen Condensation. Click cc on the bottom right for video transcript) […]
Alkyne Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction and Mechanism
Alkynes, like alkenes, can undergo acid-catalyzed hydration. However, since alkynes are slower to react under these conditions we prefer to use alternative reactions. This video walks you through the step by step reaction and mechanism including the final enol-keto tautomerization. (Watch on YouTube: Alkyne Hydration. Click CC for Transcription.) <– Watch Previous Video: Alkyne Reduction Hydrogenation Reaction and Mechanism […]
Markovnikov vs Anti-Markovnikov in Alkene Addition Reactions
Markovnikov’s Rule tells us where to add the nucleophile and hydrogen in an asymmetrical alkene addition reaction. This is a critical pattern to both understand and recognize when studying alkene addition reactions. What is Markovnikov’s rule all about and how does this impact regioselectivity in electrophilic addition reactions? As you follow along with my alkene reactions […]
Drawing Radical Resonance for Allylic and Benzylic Radicals
When you think of resonance, you’re likely thinking of 2 electrons as a lone pair or pi bond. But radicals, or unpaired single electrons, can also participate in resonance to increase their stability. Video 4 shows you how to draw the ‘fishhook’ resonance for allylic and benzylic radical structures. For even more on radicals, read […]
Acetal Reactions Practice Quiz
The quiz below requires some mastery in reactions, intermediates, and step-by-step mechanisms. Not ready? Start by gaining your foundation in the Acetal Tutorial Video Series! Scroll to the very bottom of this quiz for a link to the FREE quiz solutions PDF (Coming Soon!) to ensure you’ve got this down. The solutions walkthrough video is available in the […]
Oxidation Reduction Organic Chemistry Practice Quiz
Oxidation and Reduction reactions will come up over and over in your organic chemistry course. Think you’ve mastered redox reactions and reagents? Try the practice quiz below then scroll down (end of the quiz) for the PDF solutions. Not fully confident with redox? Review the redox tutorial video series and follow along with the Orgo Redox […]
Periodic Table and Trends Quiz
This quiz is designed to test the material you have learned in the Periodic Table and Trends Tutorial If you haven’t seen the tutorial video watch it HERE and then return to this quiz [mtouchquiz 3]
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